Melasma: What Is It?
Melasma is a common pigmentation disorder that can cause brown or grey patches to appear on your skin, primarily on an area that’s most noticeable... your face. You’ll usually see melasma appear on the forehead, chin, cheeks, and upper lip. Typically, the face is impacted symmetrically, meaning if you have it on one cheek, then you’ll have it on the other – matching marks. But melasma can also occur on other parts of your body that are exposed to the sun such as the forearms and neck. Melasma is often referred to as “the mask of pregnancy” as it frequently appears during pregnancy due to vast hormonal changes. Along with pregnancy, melasma is typically triggered by UV exposure and estrogen and progesterone sensitivity. Stress and thyroid challenges can also be thought to cause melasma.
Melasma most commonly occurs postpartum due to hormonal fluctuations and among post-cyclical women who supplement estrogen. Melasma differs from common hyper-pigmentation in that it stems from inside the body and can be triggered by thyroid irregularity, heat, and sun exposure, According to some research, melasma can also be triggered by stress-due to the production of the body’s stress hormone, cortisol, and how it affects the production of estrogen. Estrogen can affect the appearance and severity of melasma. Melasma may also occur when you either start or stop hormonal contraception, including birth control pills, or when you take hormone replacement therapy. It is thought to occur when the female sex hormones estrogen and progesterone stimulate an overproduction of melanin when skin is exposed to the sun.
Who Can Experience Melasma?
Women, post-partum and menopausal, and in less common scenarios men and women who have never been pregnant, but who are especially prone to stress.
What Are The Most Effective Treatments?
At the present there is no permanent resolution for melasma, however, there are several treatment options that may improve its appearance. Laser technology, when applied skillfully, can improve the appearance of this variety of hyper-pigmentation, but it is important to approach melasma as a condition that is “managed and minimized” vs resolved. Melasma may return due to changes in hormones, heat, and sun exposure. Through the application of regular laser facials, melasma pigmentation tends to fade much faster and remain at bay.
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